The Loneliest Man in the World
The Loneliest Man in the World
US Veto again whilst Gaza Burns
Summary
After another failed UN Security Council Resolution on 8 Dec the urgency has increased. The US "veto and quiet background diplomacy” is a laughing stock and the language from UNSC members is getting direct.
There’s further manoeuvring and options, involving oil and further little used UN regs. In this article I talk to:
Hard comments from the UNSC Vote
The Australian Government - how they are sucked in
Arab Oil Influence - now is the time
UN General Assembly - one last 1956 trump card…
Accelerating the Two-State Solution
What happens if it all works and what happens if it doesn’t
‼️Updated 11 Dec: The 1956 UN law to over-ride the US Veto I’ve outlined in the article has been invoked - Egypt and Mauritania acting in their capacities of Chair of the Arab League and Organisation for Islamic Cooperation have invoked Resolution 377 “Uniting for Peace”. An emergency General Assembly Meet has been called for Tuesday.
Everything else holds in this article - more about how it could be implemented, and what comes next.
Contents
Nelson Mandela: A single standard - otherwise known as Integrity
2023 - Gaza Crisis - Applying Uniting for Peace Resolution 377
The Next Generation: You’ve ruined my planet - now you’ve just sent me to war
Introduction
Yet again … the UN Security Council votes down a ceasefire … or rather a single member with vested interest and veto vote - US1.
The most lonely and awkward person in the world the US Deputy-Ambassador to the UN, Robert. A. Wood (I guess the actual US Ambassador to the UN Linda Thomas-Greenfield must have been exhausted from the amount of vetos she’s raised her hand at over the last few months and they needed a new arm!). When he spoke to the Council he had a pretty shaky voice.
Clearly the US has isolated itself big time, there’s talk of the US effectively being complicit in war crimes that Israel will hopefully be convicted of in the near future. I note convicting Netenyahu is a bit like convicting a Mafia Boss or Hamas Boss - there’s a whole organisation / idea behind him that needs changed in addition to his conviction. You’re not pulling out the roots (Palestinian leadership also).
The UNSC is not fit for purpose.
The Vote: Commentary from UNSC Members
I watched this live this morning in Australia. The resolution was brought by the UAE - co-authored by China and a coalition of 100 of the 194 member countries.
The US were always going veto - but there were some telling comments, before and after:
🇦🇪 Mr. Abushahab (United Arab Emirates):
“In the face of an untold misery, this Council is unable to demand a ceasefire,” he said. Stressing that the 15-member organ grows isolated and appears untethered from its own founding document,
I agree with this. If you think about it - an observation is THE UNSC REPRESENTS THE WORLD AS AT 1948 - so giving the powerful veto votes to UK, France, US, China, Russia quite frankly ridiculous. It does not reflect the overwhelming will of the international community.
🇷🇺 Polyanskiy (Russian Federation) - putting Ukraine aside, on this issue they were always going to put the boot in:
Over two months, the Council has failed to fulfil its function due to the hard-headed, selfish and destructive position of the United States, which is doing all it can to protect its ally.
The result of its quiet diplomacy is “a cemetery of Palestinian children, which is what Gaza has become”
Once again, cynically blocking the calls for a ceasefire, the United States has “before our eyes issued a death sentence to thousands, if not tens of thousands more civilians”
Noting that two Security Council members preferred to remain complicit to the “merciless Israeli bloodbath”, he expressed confidence that the outcome of the vote has “resounded painfully” in the hearts of ordinary people in the United States and the United Kingdom.
In the US and the UK in particular - it’s becoming more and more difficult for those ordinary people to take a pro-Palestine position without being accused of antisemitism (in particular when Congress passed a Resolution this week noting anti-Zionism should be considered as antisemitism! See article below).
McCarthyite Madness in the US: Anti-Zionism now equals Antisemitism
🇧🇷 Sérgio França Danese (Brazil)
noting that these are “dictates of humanity”. Observing that States might be irreparably harming the prospect of a two-State solution
Indeed - radicalising the next generations - unfortunately not just against Israelis but against Americans and its allies - in the Security Council the permanent members US and UK.
But also Australia - pulled into an Alliance with the US/UK via AUKUS in late 2021 by the most pro-Israeli Liberal Prime Minister in history, Scott Morrison (he of the visit to Israel with fellow AUKUS architect Boris Johnson early in the crisis).
🇦🇱 Albana Dautllari (Albania) - sensible words on Hamas after the conflict:
She supported a humanitarian ceasefire to save civilians, not to shield Hamas.
A ceasefire should not be misused by Hamas to regroup.
The Council should start thinking how to hold Hamas accountable for the group’s 7 October attacks.
The people of Gaza should reject Hamas.
Hamas is an idea - with thousands of people. But whatever comes after Hamas needs to be totally different.
After the Northern Irish Good Friday Agreement2, a power-sharing Government was arranged. Although it worked well for a while before falling apart - the peace has still held which is the main thing.
The Deputy First Minister Martin McGuinness was an ex-IRA member turned politician who held office in the Northern Irish Assembly with Ian Paisley First Minister a firebrand UDP Protestant Minister from the opposite side of politics.
Sworn enemies a decade earlier, they developed a close friendship and were known as “The Chuckle Brothers” 😆. This was the closest political relationships in power sharing, and if this is possible surely the same should be possible between two sovereign states with ex-Hamas politicians knowing the manifesto has to change.
And so to the Veto.
🇺🇸 Robert A. Wood (United States) - absolute BS points worth looking at in turn.
Ceasefire will let Hamas escape (key reason for UK abstaining too): Calling for a ceasefire now will stop Israel’s goal of dismantling Hamas.
What is the “Hamas” that is being dismantled? It’s like your grandfather going into a department store and asking to “buy an internet”. They’ve murderously tried this shit for the last 60 days.
Hamas is an idea not just a bunch of terrorists. They’ve just radicalised a whole generation of people globally and will have Hamas2 coming shortly (think REAL IRA after the IRA in Ireland, but ten times worse).
Failing to acknowledge Israel’s right to self-defence in accordance with international law
That really IS to be decided based on legal opinion and investigation - it can’t be a declaration. It feels like the US is putting this in so Israel can minimise prosecution of the remaining Government after this is over.
No language condemning Hamas terrorist attack on 7 Oct (key reason for UK to abstain too) - and talked a lot about violence perpetuated on women
Let’s be brutally honest about this
Oct 7 - that ship has sailed we all know it’s bad, getting upset on semantics is NOT an excuse to veto. It will come out in ICC investigation and prosecutions3.
Violence on women - it is unquestionably abhorrent of course - but quite frankly this very emotive issue PAST event is getting a shit load more airtime with the pro-Israeli Creative Community for Peace deploying Hollywood spokesperson Gal Godot4 and others than stopping the deaths of 18,000+ people including 7,000+ children which is a ONGOING event that MUST Be stopped. The Chinese Ambassador Zhang Jun commented on this also.
We didn’t have enough time
BS - because it's pretty freaking simple what needs to be done and every second counts; you can’t be arguing in a room for a freaking week now
✅ ONE thing he was absolutely right about - that was in 15 Nov Resolution as a toothless “we would really really like it if you …” - is access by the International Red Cross to the remaining hostages held by Hamas. 100%. But FFS that couldn’t have held it up.
🇮🇱 Israel - Gilad Erdan
I thank the United States and President Biden for standing firmly by our side, today and showing their leadership and values.. On this Hanukkah holiday, a little of the light dispelled a lot of the darkness.
🇵🇸 Riyad H. Mansour, Permanent Observer for the State of Palestine:
beyond regrettable and disastrous that the Council was prevented from upholding its responsibility in the face of this grave crisis threatening lives and regional security.
On Contradiction and Double Standards
🇫🇷 Nicolas de Rivière (France):
There is no contradiction between fighting terrorism and protecting civilians.
🇨🇳 Zhang Jun (China) - the most powerful speaker - using alliteration to draw out the hypocrisy:
Condoning the continuation of fighting while claiming to care about the lives and safety of people in Gaza is self-contradictory.
Condoning the continuation of fighting while advocating for the prevention of the spill-over effects of the conflict is self-deceiving.
Condoning the continuation of fighting while making references to the protection of women and girls and human rights is hypocritical (a brutal but correct reference to the cynical deployment of emotive assault on women on the PAST event of the 7th to smother the media coverage of the ONGOING slaughter in Gaza)
These are double-standards.
Worth considering someone who had integrity and a single standard, in particular in dealing with Israel.
🇿🇦✊ Nelson Mandela: A single standard - otherwise known as Integrity
After the two-faced farce of the last 60 days here’s a reminder of what assertive integrity looks like.
Nelson Mandela on his release from prison in 1990 visited the US and gave a “Town Hall” style TV interview on ABC News Koppel Report.5
In it he directly addressed the Israel / Palestine conflict, and the assumption that people would join Israel in denouncing Palestine or countries changing their approach when dealing with Israel relative to other countries:
👆📺 Click on image above to play video segment - Nelson Mandela 1990 on Israel / Palestine 📺👆
“We have many members of the Jewish community in our organisation and they have occupied very top positions. But that does not mean to say that the enemies of Israel are our enemies. We refuse to take that position.
You can call it being political or a moral question, but for anyone who changes his principles depending on whom he is dealing, that is not a man who can lead a nation”
Do the same dealing with Israel as you do with other States. End of. Really talking about Biden’s Presidency and the double-standards of past US Administrations.
🇦🇺 The Australian Government - Sucked in
So the blame for the Veto is not just with the US and the UK on the Security Council but their close ally Australia.
In Sep 2021 Australia under the Liberal Morrison Government a surprise UK, US Alliance (AUKUS6) was announced. As part of AUKUS Australia are providing non-combat support via Operation Beech in response to the crisis.
I note the UK is assisting in a non-combat role - however - surveillance aircraft were flying over Gaza and providing intelligence to the Israelis albeit on “hostage locations” … which isn’t really non-combat is it?7
Change in Australian Government 2022
I was overjoyed when the Liberal Party was knocked out of power by Labor by Anthony Albanese a fundamentally decent man (who was filmed at a pro-Palestine march in Sydney late 90’s whilst a new MP) and Penny Wong - a straight talking foreign minister whom I’ve really respected in opposition.
👆📺 Click on image above to play video segment - Australian PM Anthony Albanese speaks at a Pro-Palestinian protest early in his career as an MP in the late 90’s 📺👆
However - Labor have screwed up and Albanese and Wong have not done well.
Labor has inherited a political union with the US via AUKUS - and the way Scott Morrison stitched us up through his hugely pro-Israeli Liberal term. And unfortunately it is what it is and they have to toe the line now.
Labor - Winding it back pre-Oct 7th
Labor were quietly trying to unpick pro-Israeli positions before October 7th.
Jerusalem: dropped recognition of Jerusalem as Israel capital in October 2022, rescinding Morrison's recognition in 20188
Settlements Language: Just in August 2023, the Albanese Government began changing the language with respect to settlements from “West Bank” to "Occupied Territories" and using the description "Illegal”. Quite accurate - yet the reaction from the Liberals telling.9
Then Oct 7th happened and all bets were off.
I note that unlike UK, US - no Australian Government official (until next week, Penny Wong) has visited Israel - leaving it unsurprisingly to idiot Scott Morrison to turn up with buffoon Boris Johnson some weeks ago.10
Next week an MP delegation led by a Liberal Senator - the Shadow Foreign Minister Simon Birmingham (paid for again of course by the local pro-Israeli AIJAC lobby group) is visiting Israel and Labor has been criticised for sending a junior MP to the cross-party delegation. It’s not appropriate and again for me a quiet signal.
Future Governments AUKUS countries
The way AUKUS has screwed up with its bloody-minded support of Israel in the crisis has fed fuel to the opposition for the next elections.
Ideally - you’d break the two-party BS with new centre-left parties off the back of the Palestinian injustice and more broad corruption and implement proportional representation voting systems in each country but not enough time for that - so….
🇬🇧 United Kingdom - next election 2024 or Jan 2025. Conservative PM Rishi Sunak (if he makes it that far) would likely be replaced by massively pro-Israeli Labour Keir Starmer (if he makes it that far).
🇦🇺 Australia - next election 2025 - still time for Albanese to build a lead over the awful Peter Dutton and the Liberals
🇺🇸 US - Nov 5 2024 Election Day - Biden has screwed up - unless he’s convicted or assassinated - it will be Trump. And that will be an absolute disaster. In general - but again massively pro-Israeli - moving the US Embassy to Jerusalem in 2018 amongst other actions.
We’ll see what the impact is.
Hopefully Albanese still has time to wind it back, but he lost a lot of credibility after the poorly executed Aboriginal Voice vote in Australia which stirred up a lot of racist right-wing hatred against him and his Government - fuelled by the same media that’s feeling the Israeli lobby in the current war (See article below).
How News Corp strangled the Aboriginal Voice proposal in Australia:
🛢️ The big oily stick
🇺🇸 US Secretary of State Antony Blinken is meeting in NYC with Arab leaders - and looked very, very sheepish.
The US approach has been to forget the UNSC or any ceasefire motion and progress with “quiet background diplomacy”.
Which they’ve now been ridiculed for.
Time for the Arab world to practice some “quiet background diplomacy”
The delegation was Joint Mission between The Arab League and the Organisation of Islamic Co-Operation, whom Saudia Arabia hosted at an extraordinary joint summit on Nov 21 which had little outcome for Gaza.
Since the renewed hostilities post the brief ceasefire, the Gulf Co-Operation Council members of the Arab League (🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia, 🇶🇦 Qatar, 🇰🇼 Kuwait, 🇴🇲 Oman and the 🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates) agreed a formal call for a ceasefire at their summit days earlier before flying to NYC (see article below).
A forced UNSC Meet from Article 99 and the GCC Meeting:
This time a powerful global lobby demanding a ceasefire - but now have the Arab oil sanction behind them for the “quiet background diplomacy” of turning off the oil tap.
They could duplicate the 1973 action for the US supporting Israel in the Yom Kipper War against Egypt and Syria by increasing oil prices, cutting production and halting shipments to the US and of course Israel.
This would be a disaster for the US in general - but in particular for Biden in his election year.
So they are over an (oil) barrel.
Meanwhile the UN has another little used card up its sleeve.
Resolution 377 - and you thought Article 99 was obscure…
‼️Updated 11 Dec: The 1956 UN law to over-ride the US Veto I describe below has just been invoked - Egypt and Mauritania acting in their capacities of Chair of the Arab League and Organisation for Islamic Cooperation have invoked Resolution 377 “Uniting for Peace”. An emergency General Assembly Meet has been called for Tuesday. I’ve just updated the language to current tense - everything else holds in this article - more about what comes next.
The Ceasefire Resolution has now gone back to the General Assembly calling an action with respect to United Nations Peacekeeping11.
The call was to invoke a UN Security Council over-ride clause that was defined in 1950 - "Uniting for Peace" resolution of November 1950 [resolution 377 (V)12 which was used once in the UN’s entire history.
Introduced ironically by US Senator John Foster Dulles architect of the original charter and this resolution13.
Video below from UN TV “John Foster Dulles on General Assembly resolution "Uniting for Peace" - 1950”
if the Security Council fails to act, owing to the negative vote of a permanent member, then the General Assembly may act.
This would happen in the case where there appears to be a threat to the peace, breach of the peace or act of aggression.
The General Assembly can consider the matter with a view to making recommendations to Members for collective measures to maintain or restore international peace and security.
Custom-freaking designed indeed.
And screw the US veto - Resolution 377 overrides this- the GA Meeting to take action separate from the UNSC can be called by either:
UN Security Council “fair” vote no vetos: 7 of the 15 members (and 13 of them voted for the most recent resolution against 1 no US 1 abstain UK)
or
General Assembly: even just a majority vote in the General Assembly (again not a problem - they had a non-binding ceasefire motion in October 145 - 14 with 45 abstentions on 18 October)
The General Assembly are now meeting in emergency session within 24 hours of the request.
And they’ve done this ONCE before.
1956 Suez Crisis - Uniting For Peace Resolution 377
Six years after the implementation in the Charter in 1956 Resolution 377 was invoked for the only time in UN history during the Suez Canal crisis ironically when Israel first occupied the Gaza Strip14.
Egypt nationalised the Suez Canal company looking after the key shipping lane between the Gulf and the Mediterranean seas - critical in oil transportation. The UK and France didn’t like it. Israel invaded Egypt and occupied the Gaza Strip and Sinai whilst the UK and France sent troops to Suez.
There was a vote for ceasefire and withdrawal of foreign troops from Egypt at the Security Council - which of course the UK and France used their vetos to vote down
Under the “Uniting for Peace” Resolution the matter was referred to the General Assembly15.
A call for ceasefire and withdrawal from occupied territories (what the UNSC failed to vote on)
An armed force was formed (first time in the UN History) - the first UN Emergency Force (ENEF1) and sent to the region (6000 military personnel from Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Denmark, Finland, India, Indonesia, Norway, Sweden and Yugoslavia - with 110 fatalities during the 10 year operation)
The UNEF1 supervised the ceasefire and formed a buffer force whilst the Israelis, UK troops and French troops withdrew
The Canal was reopened before UNEF withdrew themselves (gradually, but fully 10 years later)
Seems kinda perfect…
2023 - Gaza Crisis - Applying Uniting for Peace Resolution 377
Let’s just say they basically do what happened in 1956 - repeat the call from the Resolution that was vetoed in the UNSC for ceasefire, it’s voted through and steps are taken to organise a ceasefire and form a UNEF to go to the region.
Fine to send troops in between armies using 1956 weaponry - nowadays - a bit riskier; with the IDF using the very latest military technologies either home built or shipped in from the US and other countries.
They need a big stick to stop using these - you don’t want an all-out war between UN peacekeepers and Israel in Gaza.
Embargo & Sanctions
To prepare for the ceasefire going:
Immediate Arms Embargo on shipments to Israel (as the UN imposed on South Africa in 1978)
Then to Israel- unless you ceasefire NOW - sanctions.
Seizing or freezing assets of Israeli Government institutions and/or individuals
Trade Embargo
Market Embargo (Israeli Companies)
In the background - the Arab countries will be threatening the US with direct oil sanctions to force Israel’s compliance.
UN Emergency Force Mobilisation
UN Emergency Force
Form UN international force - possibly scaling up from TWO long-term UN peacekeeping organisations in the Middle East:
UNITED NATIONS TRUCE SUPERVISION ORGANIZATION (UNTSO) - military observer force in the region since 1948 co-ordinating forces that are there like UNDOF below. Australia contributes towards this force via Operation Paladin running.
UNITED NATIONS DISENGAGEMENT OBSERVER FORCE (UNDOF) - meant to maintain a ceasefire between Israel and Syria since 1974
These forces seem to be ‘clean-up’ - brought in after fighting ceases. So they probably have their command structures in place and perhaps scaling up here might be their approach. Just don’t put in any UK/US/AUS troops!
Demand ceasefire - immediate and long-term security considered
UN BUFFER - Civilian Operations
Move into Gaza as buffer between Israeli forces and Palestinians
Stabilise civilian infrastructure - law and order, camps, humanitarian aid, critical infrastructure
UN - Military Operations
Gradually move Israeli forces out of the Gaza Strip
Make the Strip safe - unexploded bombs, mines, booby traps etc.
Make the border safe - buffer between Gaza Strip and Israel
UN - Rebuilding
Supervising rebuilding and resettlement of Gaza (unclear who pays for this?)
Accelerating the Two-State Solution
Once there is a ceasefire in Gaza - everyone is agreed the only way forward is the two-state solution. There will need to be a few painful choices made to overcome the hatred that’s been built up from the conflict and years before.
Serious effort needs done - Qatar - “this can be done within a year”.
Drag the bastards to the table. A number of things can happen in parallel. Somewhat idealistic list below.
Stopping the violence long-term
Long-Term ceasefire - no aggressions on Israel (terrorist attacks, rockets)
Pulling out the roots
Palestine: Change in Leadership - Hamas has to go and probably the Palestinian Authority (useless). Application of a consistent Palestinian Government across Gaza and the West Bank.
Israel: Change in Leadership - the right wing administration just CANNOT continue. The policies of the coalition enacted before the 7th and statements and behaviour afterwards are unconscionable. A new more moderate leadership is needed for a two-state solution.
Palestinians in Israel: Fair treatment of Palestinian-Israelis: living in northern Israel primarily (2M - 21% of the population) with different laws and treatment
Israelis in Palestine (Occupied Territories): Program to remove / resettle under Palestinian law
Occupied Territories Borders & Population (Meeting international law)
Withdrawl of COGAF (Israeli force in Palestine) - UN Peacekeeping force to assist policing in the Palestinian Territories and peaceful withdrawl of settlers
Israeli Settlers in the Occupied Territories - leave the West Bank OR resettle under Palestinian laws. Unclear how they would stay - noting initial settlements started in 1978. Indisputedly illegal under international law, 2016 UNSC Resolution 2334 reaffirming this.
Restoration of the 1967 borders (including removal of separation walls) - UN form buffer as they will with Gaza (much bigger border though)
Forming a Palestinian State
Transition Government (Administrative)
Creation of Palestinian Constitution and laws
Free Elections
Application of Palestinian Law in Palestine
Creation of Palestinian State, international bodies etc. (who’s going to pay for this?)
Use the “starting a new state template” (so … how did THAT go in Afghanistan…)
The Next Generation: You’ve ruined my planet - now you’ve just sent me to war
Now if none of this works and there’s a broader conflict…
It feels like young people - who need to live in the world for the next 70 years after we’re all long dead - should be angry.
They should be as angry about the world being set up for further terrorist attacks and insecurity over the long term as they are about the locked in climate change through lack of agreement there - by a bunch of old gits with vested interests around a talking table.
What is a terrifying unknown …. is whether they’ll get far enough just to get terrorist bombed / into a conventional war. It’s unclear if a furious, vengeful, backed into a corner Israel has nuclear weapons or not and if that’s the case and they retaliate in a broader conflict, it’s game over.
In the last days of the Trump Administration the Speaker Nancy Pelosi almost passed a bill to try to get the “football” physically taken off him ahead of the handover to Biden in case he did something stupid. You’d hope the right-wing Government in Israel don’t do the same, if they have the means.
To Conclude - Freedom of Movement
Now if it all works ….
…the US backs down, Israel draws back, the Israel and Palestine Governments change, Two-State solution is successful… one last dream…..
Freedom of movement (one day) between the borders between Israel and Palestine.
From the River to the Sea.
This is not calling for destruction of Israel, the changing of 1967 agreed borders - it’s essentially freedom of movement between two countries - consider the soft border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.
Quoting a speaker at the Sydney peaceful pro-Palestinian rally 3 Dec:
“one day it will be possible for anyone of any religion to drive from Jerusalem to Gaza to have a picnic by the oceans by the rivers, with no special documents, no passports, no permits, no checkpoints, nothing - we will walk in liberation and freedom witnessing a free Palestine”
Idealistic maybe - but that’s the peaceful dream and what “from the river to the sea” actually means.
A noble end goal.
Related Articles
Substack:
A forced UNSC Meet from Article 99 and the Arab GCC Meeting:
McCarthyite Madness in the US: Anti-Zionism now equals Antisemitism
Australian Pro-Israeli Lobby - MP & Journalist Trips to Israel:
How News Corp strangled the Aboriginal Voice proposal in Australia:
Other: n/a
UN Website press release SC/15519 Dec 8 2023 9499th Meeting - https://press.un.org/en/2023/sc15519.doc.htm
BBC 3 April 2023 “Good Friday Agreement: What is it?“- https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-61968177
Human Rights Watch website Oct 18 2023 - “Israel/Palestine: Videos of Hamas-Led Attacks Verified“ - https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/18/israel/palestine-videos-hamas-led-attacks-verified
Times of Israel 4 Dec “Gal Gadot slams international silence over fate of women victims on Oct. 7“ - https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/gal-gadot-slams-international-silence-over-fate-of-women-victims-on-oct-7/
ABC News Koppel Report, broadcast June 21 1990 - full interview here ( Quoted without http:// to avoid Substack embedding: www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKaX7naPi5c )
The Guardian 17 Sep 2021 “What is the Aukus alliance and what are its implications?“ - https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/sep/16/what-is-the-aukus-alliance-and-what-are-its-implications
The Guardian 3 Dec 2023 “UK surveillance aircraft to search for Hamas hostage sites in Gaza“ - https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/dec/02/uk-surveillance-aircraft-to-search-for-hamas-hostage-sites-in-israel-and-gaza
The Age Oct 17 2022 “Australia drops recognition of West Jerusalem as Israeli capital“ - https://www.theage.com.au/politics/federal/australia-drops-recognition-of-west-jerusalem-as-israeli-capital-20221017-p5bqic.html
The New Daily Aug 9 2023 - “Labor’s call on Israel’s ‘illegal’ territories draws Peter Dutton’s ire“: https://www.thenewdaily.com.au/news/politics/2023/08/09/israel-settlements-labor-dutton
SBS 5 Nov “Scott Morrison arrives in Israel with Boris Johnson 'to show support'“ - https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/scott-morrison-arrives-in-israel-with-boris-johnson-to-show-support/1us3lqo2h
UN Peacekeeping website “ROLE OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY“ - https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/role-of-general-assembly
UN Peacekeeping Website: "Uniting for Peace" resolution of November 1950 [resolution 377 (V) — https://www.un.org/en/sc/repertoire/otherdocs/GAres377A(v).pdf
UN Audiovisual Library of International Law “Uniting for Peace
General Assembly resolution 377 (V), New York, 3 November 1950“ - https://legal.un.org/avl/ha/ufp/ufp.html#
UN Peacekeeping site Summary: Middle East ENEF1 1956 (Information Technology Section/ Department of Public Information (DPI) ) - https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/past/unef1backgr1.html
UN Peacekeeping site: All docs: Middle East ENEF1 1956 (Information Technology Section/ Department of Public Information (DPI) ) - https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/past/unefi.htm